![]() Because of these potential complications of feeding intolerance, there are many lines of therapeutic management of these complications. Previous studies have reported that incidence of vomiting in enteral feeding patients differs between 12% and 50 %. In addition, vomiting is one of the major dangerous complications linked to enteral feeding via nasogastric tube as it perhaps increases the possibility for aspiration pneumonia. In addition, constipation has been associated with worst outcomes, including increase in length of stay increased in ICU, duration of MV and even mortality rate. It can cause abdominal distension, feeding intolerance, vomiting, and can be associated with aspiration pneumonia. Several studies have shown that 72% of patients in the ICU experience constipation due to MV after 72 hours and 40.5% were due to various types of nutritional therapy. Moreover, constipation is another form of gastric intolerance. It can inhibit the development of diaphragms, reduce lung compliance, and increase the respiratory work thereby prolonging the weaning from mechanical ventilation (MV). Ībdominal distention is among enteral feeding intolerance problems it is one of the most common problems of consultation in ICU. ![]() Monitoring and decreasing the GRV might be a significant measurement to improve nutritional status and decrease complications to critical ill patients. It has been reported that patients with high GRV can increase the threat of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) five times more than those with faster GRV evacuation time. The most common used indicator to evaluate gastric intolerance in ICU is GRV monitoring. It includes nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, excess gastric residual volume (GRV), distention of abdomen and constipation. Gastric intolerance is the central complication of gastrointestinal with EN in critically ill patients. Though initial EN is a main recommendation for critical ill patients, it has numerous complications. It keeps muscles peristalsis, supports blood supply, and maintains function and structure for mucosal barrier of the gastrointestinal. Enteral feeding or enteral nutrition (EN) is preferable route and utilized commonly for nutritional support with patients. In addition, it reduces physiological stress, increases the immunity and reduces malnourishment. Sufficient nutritional support provided in timely manner plays an essential role in improving patient's recovery. Therefore, nutritional support is considered as one of the essential components in managing critical ill patients. In addition, through their initial stay in the ICU they lose about 5-10% skeletal muscle mass weekly. It was reported that more than 40%to 50% of critically ill patients suffer from malnutrition. In addition, nutritional support considered as fundamental aspect of a standard caring of critical ill patients in intensive care units (ICUs). Moreover, they need complex care with carful coordination. Life-threatening problems are risks for critically ill patients. This leads to a reduction in residual volume of gastric, distension of abdomen, constipation, and vomiting. ![]() ![]() Moreover, it was indicated that abdominal distension, vomiting, and constipation were low with the study group than the control group during the five consecutive days of intervention.Ĭonclusion: This study provides promising evidence that massage of abdomen can be used with entirely fed critically ill patients to improve their gastrointestinal outcomes. Also, a significant difference was noticed in last three days of the intervention between the study and control groups. Results: The results of this study revealed that, gastric residual volume was low with the study group than the control group during intervention period after abdominal massage. ![]() A convenience sample of 60 critically adult males with enteral feeding participated voluntarily in the study. The Swedish massage technique for abdomen was carried out twice daily for five consecutive days by the trained researcher. Methods: Quasi-experimental research design was used in this study. Objectives: We aimed at evaluating the abdominal massage effect on gastrointestinal outcomes of critical ill patients with enteral feeding. In addition, nutritional support considered as fundamental aspect of a standard care of critically ill patients. Background: Life-threatening problems are risks for critically ill patients. ![]()
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